What does a reader have to
know in order to read?
What are the language systems
and subsystems at work?
Examples to illustrate the
various language systems at work:
1.
Physiological Functions—scanning, fixating, saccadic
movements, regressing
Eye Movements (handout)
2.
Orthographic Knowledge—recognizing letters and
letter combinations
Shapes and letters ( A a a a a
th )
Legal Combinations (zbectn = not legal)
What can follow these
letters at the beginning of a word?
r
l
t
p
s
3.
Sound-Symbol Correspondence—phonemic awareness,
phonics
p pan b ban
a pan pain
back
bake
c coat city
ch church
4.
Syntactic Knowledge—how words and sentences are
put together
tall taller
teach teacher
They go to the store. But,
he goes to the store.
The man watched the
dog. The man will watch the dog.
The dog watched the man. But,
the dog was watched
by the man.
They will play their record
after they record it.
5.
Semantic Knowledge—word meanings, vocabulary, lexicon
Think of other words for:
happy
sad
Word families (meaning relationship)
act react reacting reactor
reaction reactionary reactivate reactivation
sole solo desolate solitude
solitary soliloquy (Latin: sol = alone)